Human heparanase-related polypeptide and nucleic acid

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to newly identified polynucleotides, and polypeptides encoded by such polynucleotides, the use of such polypeptides, as well as the production of such polynucleotides and polypeptides. More particularly, a polypeptide of the present invention is a heparanase-related endoglucuronidase. The invention also relates to vectors and host cells comprising a polynucleotide of the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to antibodies directed to polypeptides according to the present invention and to pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic reagents comprising such antibodies, polypeptides or polynucleotides. The invention further relates to a method of altering, modifying or otherwise modulating the level of expression of the heparanase-related endoglucuronidase in a cell or in a organism. A further aspect of the invention are assay systems suitable for identifying modulators, e.g. agonists or antagonists of such polypeptides.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to newly identified polynucleotides, and polypeptides encoded by such polynucleotides, the use of such polypeptides, as well as the production of such polynucleotides and polypeptides. More particularly, a polypeptide of the present invention is a heparanase-related endoglucuronidase. The invention also relates to vectors and host cells comprising a polynucleotide of the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to antibodies directed to polypeptides according to the present invention and to pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic reagents comprising such antibodies, polypeptides or polynucleotides. The invention further relates to a method of altering, modifying or otherwise modulating the level of expression of the heparanase-related endoglucuronidase in a cell or in a organism. A further aspect of the invention are assay systems suitable for identifiying modulators, e.g. agonists or antagonists of such polypeptides.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement membrane (BM) proteins are embedded in a fibre meshwork consisting mainly of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG). HSPG 's are prominent compounds of blood vessels (subendothelial basement membrane) which support the endothelial cells and stabilize the structure of the capillary wall. Expression of heparanase, an endo-β-D-glucuronidase, in platelets, placental trophoblasts, and leucocytes demonstrates the normal function of heparanase in embryonic morphogenesis, wound healing, tissue repair, and inflammation. In concert with ECM-digesting proteases heparanase enables cells to traverse the basement membrane and releases heparin-binding growth factors (e.g. bFGF, VEGF) which are stored in the ECM (Finkel et al., Science 285 (1999), 33-34; Eccles, Nature Med. 5 (1999), 735-736).

[0003] Heparanase, which has recently been cloned by 4 independent groups (Vlodavsky et al., Nature Med. 5 (1999), 793-802; Hulett et al., Nature Med. 5 (1999), 803-809; Toyoshima and Nakajima, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999), 24153-24160; Kussie et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 261 (1999), 183-187), is expressed as a 65 kDa precursor protein which becomes N-terminally processed into the 50 kDa active enzyme. Recombinant expression of the active enzyme has been demonstrated in CHO, NIH 3T3 and in COS-7 cells. Although several apparently different heparanase activities have been described previously, the 4 groups which cloned the heparanase cDNA from different sources (normal and tumor cells) reported on identical cDNA sequences.

[0004] Several lines of evidence demonstrate an involvement of ECM degrading glucuronidases in tumor growth and metastasis formation: (1) Heparanase was shown to be preferentialy expressed on the mRNA and the protein level in human tumor tissues as compared to the corresponding normal tissue, e.g. invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovary adenocarcinoma; squamous carcinoma of the cervix, colon adenocarcinoma (Vlodavsky et al., supra). (2) Increased levels of heparanase were shown in sera and urine of metastatic tumor-bearing animals and in cancer patients (Vlodavsky et al., supra). (3) Heparanase mRNA expression and enzyme acitivity correlates with metastatic potential of human and rat breast tumor cell lines (Vlodavsky et al., supra; Hulett et al., supra). (4) Low metastatic tumor cells aquire a highly metastatic phenotype upon transfection of heparanase cDNA, e.g. shown for murine T lymphoma L5178Y and mouse B16-F1 melanoma (Vlodavsky et al., supra). (5) The sulfated oligosaccharide PI-88 (phosphomannopentaose SO₄), which inhibits heparanase activity, inhibits primary tumor growth, metastasis formation, and tumor vascularization (Parish et al., Cancer Res. 59 (1999), 3433-3441).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The present invention provides a new isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a sequence of nucleotides encoding or complementary to a sequence encoding a polypeptide having endoglucuronidase enzymatic activity or a fragment thereof.

[0006] The present invention further relates to a polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide, a functional fragment or a functional derivative or a functional analog thereof.

[0007] Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing such a polypeptide or such a polynucleotide.

[0008] A further aspect of the invention relates to a recombinant vector comprising such a polynucleotide, preferably in operative linkage to an expression control sequence and a host cell transformed with such a recombinant vector.

[0009] Moreover, the present invention relates to a method of altering, modifying or otherwise modulating the level of expression of such a polypeptide or such a polynucleotide in a cell or in a organism.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of diagnosis utilizing such a polynucleotide, or fragment or derivative thereof, or polypeptide, or fragment or derivative thereof.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention relates to antibodies specifically recognizing and binding to such a polypeptide and to a method of diagnosis utilizing such an antibody.

[0012] Moreover, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such a polynucleotide or such a polypeptide or such an antibody or a fragment thereof, and to a method of treatment comprising administration of such a polynucleotide or polypeptide or antibody or a fragment thereof.

[0013] A yet further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for identifying a substance capable of modulating the biological activity of such a polypeptide, and substances obtainable by such a method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding or complementary to a sequence encoding a polypeptide having the enzymatic activity of an endoglucuronidase is provided.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment thereof an isolated nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention is the nucleic acid molecule comprising (a) at least the protein coding portion of the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO 1, (b) a nucleotide sequence corresponding to the sequence 25 of (a) in the scope of the degeneracy of the genetic code or (c) a nucleotide sequence hybridizing under stringent conditions to the nucleotide sequence of (a) and/or (b).

[0016] The present invention further provides a polypeptide encoded by the nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention. Preferably, the polypeptide comprises (a) the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO 2 or (b) an amino acid sequence having an identity of at least 70%, preferably at least 85% and more preferably at least 95% to the amino acid sequence of (a).

[0017] In addition to the nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO 1 and a nucleic acid sequence corresponding thereto in the scope of the degeneracy of the genetic code, the present invention encompasses also a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent conditions with one of the sequences as defined above. The term “hybridization under stringent conditions” according to the present invention is defined according to Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), 1.1.01-1.104. Preferably, hybridization under stringent conditions means that after washing for 1 h with 1×SSC and 0.1% SDS at 50° C., preferably at 55°C., more preferably at 62° C. and most preferably at 68° C., particularly for 1 h in 0.2×SSC and 0.1% SDS at 50° C., preferably at 55° C., more preferably at 62° C. and most preferably at 68° C. a positive hybridization signal is observed. A nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under the above washing conditions with the nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO 1 or a nucleotide sequence corresponding thereto in the scope of the degeneracy of the genetic code is encompassed by the present invention.

[0018] Preferably, the nucleotide sequence according to the invention is a DNA, e.g. a cDNA, genomic DNA or synthetic DNA, which may be double-stranded or single-stranded, and if single-stranded may be the coding or non-coding (anti-sense) strand. It can, however, comprise an RNA, e.g. an mRNA, pre-mRNA and synthetic RNA either the coding or the non-coding (anti-sense) strand or a nucleic acid analog such as a peptidic nucleic acid. Particularly preferred, the nucleotide sequence according to the invention comprises a protein coding portion of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO 1 or a sequence, having an identity of more than 70%, preferably more than 85% and particularly preferred more than 95% of the nucleotide sequence shown SEQ ID NO 1 or a portion thereof having a length of preferably at least 20 nucleotides, particularly at least 30 nucleotides and most preferably at least 50.

[0019] The identity is determined on nucleotide or protein level as follows:

I=n:L,

[0020] wherein

[0021] I represents the identity in percent

[0022] n represents the number of different nucleotides or amino acids between a test sequence and a basic sequence selected from the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO 1, the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO 2 or a portion thereof, respectively and

[0023] L is the length of the basic sequence to be compared with a test sequence.

[0024] A polynucleotide of the present invention may be obtained from mammalian, e.g. human cells or from a cDNA library or a genomic library derived from mammalian, e.g. human cells. In particular, the polynucleotide described herein may be isolated from cDNA libraries (PENCNOTO7, BLADNOTO9, PROSTUTO8, BRSTNOT27, MIXDNOPO1, ESOGNOTO4, PENCNOTO3) available from Incyte Inc. The cDNA insert shown in SEQ ID NO 1 is 3943 base pairs (bp) in lenght and contains an open reading frame encoding a protein 492 amino acids in lenght. The predicted amino acid sequence of the polypeptide of the present invention shares 38% identical amino acids with human heparanase (FIG. 1). The 5′-end of the cDNA of the present invention is incomplete; the predicted mature protein is complete as inferred from homology to human heparanase. Electronic expression (Northern) analysis implicates preferential expression of the polynucleotide of the present invention in nervous system and male genitalia tissues (FIG. 2).

[0025] The present invention further relates to variants of the herein described 5 polynucleotide which code for fragments, analogs and derivatives of the polypeptide having the deduced amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO 2. The present invention also relates to polynucleotide probes constructed from the polynucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO 1 or a segment of SEQ ID NO 1. Variants of the herein described polynucleotide include deletion variants, substitution variants and addition or insertion variants.

[0026] The present invention also includes polynucleotides, wherein the coding sequence for the polypeptide, or a segment thereof, may be fused in the same reading frame to a polynucleotide sequence which aids the expression is or secretion of a polypeptide from a host cell, or which allows the purification of the polypeptide of the present invention (i.e. a poly-histidin-tag, a hemagglutinin tag, a GST-tag).

[0027] A process for the preparation of a polynucleotide according to the present invention represents an aspect of the present invention. Such a process may comprise chemical synthesis, recombinant DNA technology, polymerase chain reaction or a combination of these methods. Preferably the polynucleotide is obtained by means of an amplification reaction, e.g. a PCR using sequence-specific oligonucleotide primers, from a suitable source as described above.

[0028] The polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide, a natural polypeptide or a synthetic polypeptide. The functional fragment, derivative or analog of the present invention may be one in which one or more amino acids are substituted with another amino acid, or one in which one or more of the amino acid residues includes a substituent group, or one in which the polypeptide is fused with another compound (i.e. polyethylene glycol), or one in which additional amino acids are fused to the polypeptide (i.e. a leader sequence, a secretory sequence, a purification tag).

[0029] The present invention also relates to a recombinant vector comprising a polynucleotide of the present invention. Preferably, such a vector is an expression vector, i.e. a vector comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention operatively linked to a suitable expression control sequence. The vector may be a prokaryotic or eukaryotic vector. Examples of prokaryotic vectors are chromosomal vectors such a bacteriophages and extrachromosomal vectors such as plasmids, wherein circular plasmid vectors are particulary preferred. Suitable prokaryotic vectors are disclosed, e.g. in Sambrook et al., supra, Chapters 1-4. On the other hand, the vector may be a eukaryotic vector, e.g. a yeast vector or a vector suitable for expression in higher cells, e.g. insect cells, plant cells or vertebrate cells, particularly mammalian cells. Preferred examples of eukaryotic vectors are plasmids or viral vectors. Suitable eukaryotic vectors are disclosed in Sambrook et al., supra, Chapter 16.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a cell which contains at least one heterologous copy of a polynucleotide or a vector as defined above. The polynucleotide or the vector may be inserted into the cell by known means, e.g. by transformation (this term also including transfection, electroporation, lipofection, infection etc.). The cell may be a eukaryotic or a prokaryotic cell. Methods for transforming cells with nucleic acids are generally known and need not be explained in detail. Examples for preferred cells are eukaryotic cells, particulary vertebrate and more particulary mamalian cells.

[0031] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a recombinant process for the preparation of a polypeptide of the present invention, said process comprising cultivation of a host cell transformed with a polynucleotide or a vector as described above under conditions suitable for performing expression of the polypeptide, and isolation of the thus-expressed polypeptide from the cell or from the culture supernatant. The host cells can be cultured in conventional nutrient media modified as appropriate for selecting transformants, amplifying the polynucleotide or the vector or purification of the polypeptide.

[0032] The thus-expressed polypeptide of the present invention may be recovered and purified from recombinant cell cultures by methods used heretofore, including detergent homogenates, Heparin-Sepharose chromatography, cation exchange chromatography, Con A-Sepharose chromatography, gel-filtration chromatography, Ni-chelating chromatography, glutathion-sepharose (agarose) chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and antibody affinity chromatography.

[0033] A polypeptide of the present invention may be a purified product naturally expressed from a high expressing cell line, or a product of chemical synthesis, or produced by recombinant techniques from a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host. Depending on the host employed in a recombinant production procedure, a polypeptide of the present invention may be glycosylated or non-glycosylated.

[0034] Another aspect of the present invention relates to an oligonucleotide or a derivative thereof, which hybridizes under stringent conditions with the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO 1. Such an oligonucleotide may have a length of, e.g., from about 5, preferably from about 15 to about 100 or even several hundred nucleoside units or analogs thereof, depending on the intended use.

[0035] An oligonucleotide of the invention may be used as a cloning primer, or as a PCR primer, or as a sequencing primer, or as a hybridization probe. Another use relates to stimulating or inhibiting expression of a polypeptide of the present invention in vivo by the use of sense or anti-sense technology. These technology can be used to control gene expression through triple-helix formation on double-stranded DNA or anti-sense mechanisms on RNA, both of which methods are based on binding of such an oligonucleotide to DNA or RNA. Still another use of oligonucleotides, particularly RNA oligonucleotides relates to an expression control by using ribozyme technology. The oligonucleotides can be delivered to cells by procedures in the art either directly or such that the anti-sense or ribozyme RNA or DNA may be expressed in vivo to inhibit production of a polypeptide of the present invention. Anti-sense constructs or ribozymes to a polynucleotide of the present invention inhibit the action of a polypeptide of the present invention and may be used for treating certain disorders, for example, cancer and cancer metastasis.

[0036] Further, such oligonucleotides can be used to detect the presence or absence of a polynucleotide of the present invention and the level of expression of such a polynucleotide. Furthermore, such oligonucleotide can be used for the detection of mutations within the gene encoding the polypeptide of the present invention. Mutations within the gene may be correlated with disease or prognosis of disease. Therefore, such oligonucleotides are useful as diagnostic markers for the diagnosis of disorders such as cancer, cancer metastasis, and aberrant angiogenesis.

[0037] The polypeptides, their functional fragments, derivatives or analogs thereof, or a cell expressing them, or the polynucleotide or fragments thereof, can be used as an immunogen to produce antibodies thereto. Therefore, the present invention relates to an antibody which specifically recognizes and binds to a polypeptide of the invention.

[0038] Such an antibody can be, for example, a polyclonal or a monoclonal antibody. The present invention also includes chimeric, single chain and humanized antibodies, as well as Fab fragments. Various procedures known in the art may be used for the production of such antibodies and fragments.

[0039] Polyclonal antibodies may be obtained by immunizing experimental animals with suitable polypeptide or peptide antigens optionally coupled to a carrier and isolating the antibodies from the immunized animals. Monoclonal antibodies may be obtained by the hybridoma technique developed by Köhler and Milstein. Methods for generating polyclbnal and monoclonal antibodies, respectively, are generally known and need not be explained in detail (Harlow and Lane, Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988).

[0040] Such an antibody can be used for isolating the polypeptide from a tissue expressing that polypeptide. An antibody specific to a polypeptide of the present invention may further be used to inhibit the biological action of the polypeptide by binding to the polypeptide. In this manner, the antibodies may be used in therapy, for example to treat cancer. The cancer therapy may be carried out according to the protocols described by Weiner (Semin. Oncol. 26 (1999), 41-50) or references cited therein.

[0041] Further, such antibodies can detect the presence or absence of a polypeptide of the present invention and the level of concentration of such a polypeptide and, therefore, are useful as diagnostic markers for the diagnosis of disorders such as cancer, cancer metastasis, and aberrant angiogenesis.

[0042] In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for identifying a substance capable of modulating the biological activity or expression of a polypeptide of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is directed to a method for identifying antagonists and inhibitors, as well as agonists and stimulators of the function or activity or expression of a polypeptide of the present invention.

[0043] For example, an antagonist may bind to a polypeptide of the present invention and inhibit or eliminate its function. The antagonist, for example, could be an antibody or an high-affinity oligonucleotide or a peptide against the polypeptide which eliminated the glucuronidase activity of the polypeptide by binding to the polypeptide. An example of an inhibitor is a low molecular weight molecule which inactivates the polypeptide by binding to and occupying the catalytic site, thereby making the catalytic site inaccessible to a substrate, such that the biological activity of the polypeptide is prevented.

[0044] Antagonists and inhibitors may be used to treat cancer, cancer metastasis, and aberrant angiogenesis by preventing the polypeptide from functioning to break down heparan sulfate proteoglycan from extracellular matrix.

[0045] The antagonists and inhibitors identified by the method as described above or derivatives thereof may be employed in a composition with a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier.

[0046] In particular, the present invention relates to an assay for identifying the above-mentioned substances, e.g. low molecular weight inhibitors, which are specific to the polypeptides of the present invention and prevent them from functioning or prevent their expression. Either natural or synthetic carbohydrate substrates would be used to assess endo-glucuronidase activity of the polypeptide.

[0047] A further aspect relates to a polynucleotide or a polypeptide according to the present invention for use in medicine. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a polypeptide or a polynucleotide according to the present invention in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a disease resulting from shortage or lack of said polypeptide. Instead of or in addition to a polynucleotide or a polypeptide of the present invention, an agonist of the polypeptide or an expression inducer/enhancer of such a polypeptide may be used for the medicinal purposes. Such diseases are, for example, trauma, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and nervous system diseases. The polynucleotide of the present invention may be used in gene therapy. The gene therapy may be carried out according to protocols described by Beutler (Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant 5 (1999), 273-276) or Gomez-Navarro et al., (Eur. J. Cancer 35 (1999), 867-885) or references cited therein.

[0048] Another aspect relates to an antibody according to the present invention or a fragment thereof for use in medicine. In particular, the invention relates to the use of an antibody according to the present invention in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a disease resulting from excessive activity or overexpression of a polypeptide of the present invention. Instead of an antibody of the present invention, an antagonist or an inhibitor or an expression inhibitor of such a polypeptide may be used for the medicinal purposes. Such diseases are, for example, cancer, cancer metastasis, angiogenesis and inflammation including arthritis.

[0049] Furthermore, the invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition suitable for administration to a warm-blooded animal inclusive man suffering from a disease resulting from shortage or lack or inactivity of a polypeptide of the present, invention, or suffering from a disease resulting from excessive activity or overexpression of a polypeptide of the present invention.

[0050] Since the polynucleotide of the present invention is preverentially expressed in male genitalia tissues modulation of expression and/or activity of the encoded polypeptide may be used for medicinal intervention in male genitalia function (i. e. male fertility control, erectile dysfunction).

EXAMPLES Example 1

[0051] Identification of a Polynucleotide of the Present Invention

[0052] Using the published sequence of human heparanase (AAD 54941.1) three Incyte templates (i.e. assemblies of Incyte ESTs) could be identified to share significant homology to the human heparanase. Some of these ESTs of each template were ordered from Incyte. Determination of the nucleotide sequence of the 3′- and 5′-ends of each EST clone revealed more novel sequence information which lead to further two assemblies from Incyte clones. Combining this sequence information and sequence information from own sequencing efforts of these Incyte clones enabled us to assemble a novel paralogue, human heparanase-related polypeptide, of human heparanase. The novel sequence comprises 3943 bp and the identified coding sequence ranges from 1 bp - 1479 bp (including STOP codon). The 5′ end is still open as both coding region analysis (as determined by the program ESTSCAN) and homology to human heparanase suggest.

Example 2

[0053] Electronic Expression Analysis

[0054] Based on the number of ESTs for a given tissue one can estimate or predict a measure for the in vivo expression level of the given gene in this given tissue.

[0055] “Electronic-northern” is a bioinformatic method that firstly identifies the overall number for all ESTs for a given tissue (so-called“pool-size”) that are in the database and secondly the number of ESTs from that tissue which correspond only to the query sequence.

[0056] This is done by a BLAST (NCBI BLAST v. 2.0.10; Altschul et al., Nucleic Acid Res. (1997) 25, 3389-3402) search using the cDNA of the gene of interest as query and the human EST database (LifeSeqGold from Incyte) as data source. The search parameters were E=1e-30. A SQL-query in the database retrieves then for each EST coming up from the search its tissue source and the pool-size for each tissue.

[0057] This data is believed to correlate with the expression level in vivo. Statistical analysis (normalisation on pool-size and confidence interval determination) helps here to estimate the reliability of the data and to compare the expression level between different tissues. The reliability of this prediction method increases usually with the number of hits/tissue and the pool-size of a tissue.

Example 3

[0058] Expression of the Polynucleotide

[0059] The coding region of the polynucleotide given in SEQ ID NO 1 was amplified by PCR using 5′-primer HepR1 (5′-GAC AGG AGA CCC TTG CCT GTA GAC-3′) and 3′-primer HepR2 (5′-ATA GTC GAG TTA TCG GTA GCG GCA GGC CAA AGC-3′) and DNA isolated from clones #3207535H1 and #3385824H1 the database LifeSeqGold from Incyte Inc. issue of Oct/Nov 1999 as template DNA. The 1488 bp DNA was phosphorylated using T4 polynucleotide kinase followed by restriction digestion using Xhol. The fragment was ligated in frame into pISP-myc vector providing an N-terminal immune globuline signal sequence followed by an myc-tag epitope. Upon restriction digestion using HindII and Xhol the fragment was ligated into the appropriate sites of expression vector pCEP4 (Invitrogen) generating expression vector HepR-pCEP. HepR-pCEP was stably transfected into MCF7, MBA-231, and MBA-468 breast carcinoma cell lines, as well as in CHO cells. The recombinant protein was detected using an anti-myc-tag epitope antibody.

[0060] For expression in the insect cells, the PCR-fragment was released from pISP-myc vector using EcoRI and XbaI. The fragment was cloned into pVL1392 baculovirus transfer vector generating HepR-pVL vector and transfected into Sf9 insect cells.

Example 4

[0061] Production of Antibodies

[0062] Polypeptide purified from infected Sf9 insect cells using expression vector HepR-pVL of example 3 was used for immunization of mice and rabbits, respectively, using standard procedures (Harlow and Lane, Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988).

1 5 1 3943 DNA Homo sapiens 1 gacaggagac ccttgcctgt agacagagct gcaggtttga aggaaaagac cctgattcta 60 cttgatgtga gcaccaagaa cccagtcagg acagtcaatg agaacttcct ctctctgcag 120 ctggatccgt ccatcattca tgatggctgg ctcgatttcc taagctccaa gcgcttggtg 180 accctggccc ggggactttc gcccgccttt ctgcgcttcg ggggcaaaag gaccgacttc 240 ctgcagttcc agaacctgag gaacccggcg aaaagccgcg ggggcccggg cccggattac 300 tatctcaaaa actatgagga tgacattgtt cgaagtgatg ttgccttaga taaacagaaa 360 ggctgcaaga ttgcccagca ccctgatgtt atgctggagc tccaaaggga gaaggcagct 420 cagatgcatc tggttcttct aaaggagcaa ttctccaata cttacagtaa tctcatatta 480 acagagccaa ataactatcg gaccatgcat ggccgggcag taaatggcag ccagttggga 540 aaggattaca tccagctgaa gagcctgttg cagcccatcc ggatttattc cagagccagc 600 ttatatggcc ctaatattgg gcggccgagg aagaatgtca tcgccctcct agatggattc 660 atgaaggtgg caggaagtac agtagatgca gttacctggc aacattgcta cattgatggc 720 cgggtggtca aggtgatgga cttcctgaaa actcgcctgt tagacacact ctctgaccag 780 attaggaaaa ttcagaaagt ggttaataca tacactccag gaaagaagat ttggcttgaa 840 ggtgtggtga ccacctcagc tggaggcaca aacaatctat ccgattccta tgctgcagga 900 ttcttatggt tgaacacttt aggaatgctg gccaatcagg gcattgatgt cgtgatacgg 960 cactcatttt ttgaccatgg atacaatcac ctcgtggacc agaattttaa cccattacca 1020 gactactggc tctctctcct ctacaagcgc ctgatcggcc ccaaagtctt ggctgtgcat 1080 gtggctgggc tccagcggaa accacggcct ggccgagtga tccgggacaa actaaggatt 1140 tatgctcact gcacaaacca ccacaaccac aactacgttc gagggtccat tacacttttt 1200 atcatcaact tgcatcgakc aagaaagaaa atcaagctgg ctgggactct cagagacaag 1260 ctggttcacc agtacctgct gcagccctat gggcaggagg gcctaaagtc caagtcagtg 1320 caactgaatg gccagccctt agtgatggtg gacgacggga ccctcccaga attgaagccc 1380 cgcccccttc gggccggccg gacattggtc atccctccag tcaccatggg cttttatgtg 1440 gtcaagaatg tcaatgcttt ggcctgccgc taccgataag ctatcctcac actcacggct 1500 accagtgggc ctgctgggct gcttccactc ctccactcca gtagtatcct ctgttttcag 1560 acatcctagc aaccagcccc tgctgcccca tcctgctgga atcaacacag acttgctctc 1620 caaagagact aaatgtcata gcgtgatctt agcctaggta ggccacatcc atcccaaagg 1680 aaaatgtaga catcacctgt acctatataa ggataaaggc atgtgtatag agcagaatgt 1740 ttcccttcat gtgcactatg aaaacgagct gacagcacac tcccaggaga aatgtttcca 1800 gacaactccc catgatcctg tcacacagca ttataaccac aaatccaaac cttagcctgc 1860 tgctgctgct gccctcagag gaagatgagg aaggaaaaaa actgggtgga cctacaaaaa 1920 cccatcctct cccaactcct tcttctctgc ctctttcttg ctgctgccct gagttttttg 1980 acacatctct ttccataggg gagtaatggg tgtgtcagcc ctggcctgct gggagagctg 2040 tttgtatgat ttcccggctg atgtatgagc gtgcgcatct gggttcctga cagtggcatc 2100 catcactggc agttcttctg ggaagcgggt gcttcaaaag taaaattaca atcacactcc 2160 agatttggta agaaggttct attcctctgt gaatccagat tcccccagag ttgtaatggg 2220 agtcaagtaa caatattcat tgagtggaga gcagtttatt aggcacaaca aaaagtaatc 2280 atcattcttc atgttgctat gagggagagt ttgagtacaa agagaaagca tactgaaaca 2340 tcaggtacac acacacaccc caactggaca aagcaaatta gacctctcca aaattaagag 2400 aatattaggg gctctatagg gtaagccttt aattgtttgg ttaactcaaa tcattatttt 2460 taaaaaagaa gaaaaaagtg tgaatcaagg tcatcactgg aagacacaac tgaatctaac 2520 ctttttgcct cttcccaagt agcctatttg agctagaaca aaactttgtt agccattttg 2580 ggagagaata gggaatctag agaatgaaga tctgcccaaa actatggaat ggtaggtagg 2640 aagcttctga gttgggcagg tgtgaagtgg gggatgagga cgttctatat gattcaaggg 2700 gcatgagggt ctttgccaat gagctacagc tgaaatgact ttcttttctg gggatgtgat 2760 tttctttctc aggataaatg acaggaatga tgcttttgtt agaaggagga gagatttgac 2820 actgttccaa gtgagacagt gatacaattt ctgctgtttg tgaaaggaca ggaatggggy 2880 gggggcaagg cagggttgcc tagggcagag actagggagg ctgcctaaga cgcacacgga 2940 gttaaggatt tgggccaagt ctgcaaagtg agagatggaa gggagattag accaaagagg 3000 agggagagaa ttctgagctt ggagaacggt ggatttggga gagggaagct gactacctaa 3060 ttccaggaag cgaggggacc gggttttgac atgcttatca ttaagcacag gaggaacagc 3120 atacagcaga tgtactacag cgagcaagaa agggagagcc cgaggaccag gctgcaccag 3180 gtcagtggct gtgctcagca tggaagcaac tggagagaga ggggcagacc ctgagacygc 3240 cctgcaaggc tgcccagaag ggacccgttt ctctgggacc aggcacctcc cactgaggct 3300 tcagctctga gagggcagga aagtgaagta ccaagatggg ggcggggcgg ggggtaggaa 3360 ataagagaaa gaagaaacag attgacaggc caaagtgagg aaaagagagg aaaagagaaa 3420 tgagactaaa aggtcgttcc cccaactgtt aaaaatgtgt gcagatatca acgtctcttc 3480 tacatactgg tacaggtgcg actgcagggc cccctgatat aacaagagta accaaaggtc 3540 cctaagagcc tggccctggg gacctatggt ttgctttgcg tccttagtaa ccccatgata 3600 aaggggtact actgttatcc ccatttttcc tacgaggcat ggagaggatc catggctcgc 3660 cccaggggca cccggggaaa tgggttgccg agcgcgaaat aatccagagc ctgcccactc 3720 agccacaagg ctcagcggct ccacaggtcc agacacctcc ttcacatctt tgtaggttct 3780 gctcattcag aacagccaga actccactca aacacacttt ctgtaaataa gtgttgattt 3840 ttttttacta aaccttgcag aatatgggta attcctgctt cttttatctt tctctgtgta 3900 ttaaatgctg ctctcacgag atttaagttt tgtttatttt tta 3943 2 492 PRT Homo sapiens MOD_RES (407) Ala or Ser 2 Asp Arg Arg Pro Leu Pro Val Asp Arg Ala Ala Gly Leu Lys Glu Lys 1 5 10 15 Thr Leu Ile Leu Leu Asp Val Ser Thr Lys Asn Pro Val Arg Thr Val 20 25 30 Asn Glu Asn Phe Leu Ser Leu Gln Leu Asp Pro Ser Ile Ile His Asp 35 40 45 Gly Trp Leu Asp Phe Leu Ser Ser Lys Arg Leu Val Thr Leu Ala Arg 50 55 60 Gly Leu Ser Pro Ala Phe Leu Arg Phe Gly Gly Lys Arg Thr Asp Phe 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Phe Gln Asn Leu Arg Asn Pro Ala Lys Ser Arg Gly Gly Pro 85 90 95 Gly Pro Asp Tyr Tyr Leu Lys Asn Tyr Glu Asp Asp Ile Val Arg Ser 100 105 110 Asp Val Ala Leu Asp Lys Gln Lys Gly Cys Lys Ile Ala Gln His Pro 115 120 125 Asp Val Met Leu Glu Leu Gln Arg Glu Lys Ala Ala Gln Met His Leu 130 135 140 Val Leu Leu Lys Glu Gln Phe Ser Asn Thr Tyr Ser Asn Leu Ile Leu 145 150 155 160 Thr Glu Pro Asn Asn Tyr Arg Thr Met His Gly Arg Ala Val Asn Gly 165 170 175 Ser Gln Leu Gly Lys Asp Tyr Ile Gln Leu Lys Ser Leu Leu Gln Pro 180 185 190 Ile Arg Ile Tyr Ser Arg Ala Ser Leu Tyr Gly Pro Asn Ile Gly Arg 195 200 205 Pro Arg Lys Asn Val Ile Ala Leu Leu Asp Gly Phe Met Lys Val Ala 210 215 220 Gly Ser Thr Val Asp Ala Val Thr Trp Gln His Cys Tyr Ile Asp Gly 225 230 235 240 Arg Val Val Lys Val Met Asp Phe Leu Lys Thr Arg Leu Leu Asp Thr 245 250 255 Leu Ser Asp Gln Ile Arg Lys Ile Gln Lys Val Val Asn Thr Tyr Thr 260 265 270 Pro Gly Lys Lys Ile Trp Leu Glu Gly Val Val Thr Thr Ser Ala Gly 275 280 285 Gly Thr Asn Asn Leu Ser Asp Ser Tyr Ala Ala Gly Phe Leu Trp Leu 290 295 300 Asn Thr Leu Gly Met Leu Ala Asn Gln Gly Ile Asp Val Val Ile Arg 305 310 315 320 His Ser Phe Phe Asp His Gly Tyr Asn His Leu Val Asp Gln Asn Phe 325 330 335 Asn Pro Leu Pro Asp Tyr Trp Leu Ser Leu Leu Tyr Lys Arg Leu Ile 340 345 350 Gly Pro Lys Val Leu Ala Val His Val Ala Gly Leu Gln Arg Lys Pro 355 360 365 Arg Pro Gly Arg Val Ile Arg Asp Lys Leu Arg Ile Tyr Ala His Cys 370 375 380 Thr Asn His His Asn His Asn Tyr Val Arg Gly Ser Ile Thr Leu Phe 385 390 395 400 Ile Ile Asn Leu His Arg Xaa Arg Lys Lys Ile Lys Leu Ala Gly Thr 405 410 415 Leu Arg Asp Lys Leu Val His Gln Tyr Leu Leu Gln Pro Tyr Gly Gln 420 425 430 Glu Gly Leu Lys Ser Lys Ser Val Gln Leu Asn Gly Gln Pro Leu Val 435 440 445 Met Val Asp Asp Gly Thr Leu Pro Glu Leu Lys Pro Arg Pro Leu Arg 450 455 460 Ala Gly Arg Thr Leu Val Ile Pro Pro Val Thr Met Gly Phe Tyr Val 465 470 475 480 Val Lys Asn Val Asn Ala Leu Ala Cys Arg Tyr Arg 485 490 3 24 DNA Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Primer 3 gacaggagac ccttgcctgt agac 24 4 33 DNA Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Primer 4 atagtcgagt tatcggtagc ggcaggccaa agc 33 5 543 PRT Homo sapiens 5 Met Leu Leu Arg Ser Lys Pro Ala Leu Pro Pro Pro Leu Met Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 Leu Leu Gly Pro Leu Gly Pro Leu Ser Pro Gly Ala Leu Pro Arg Pro 20 25 30 Ala Gln Ala Gln Asp Val Val Asp Leu Asp Phe Phe Thr Gln Glu Pro 35 40 45 Leu His Leu Val Ser Pro Ser Phe Leu Ser Val Thr Ile Asp Ala Asn 50 55 60 Leu Ala Thr Asp Pro Arg Phe Leu Ile Leu Leu Gly Ser Pro Lys Leu 65 70 75 80 Arg Thr Leu Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Pro Ala Tyr Leu Arg Phe Gly Gly 85 90 95 Thr Lys Thr Asp Phe Leu Ile Phe Asp Pro Lys Lys Glu Ser Thr Phe 100 105 110 Glu Glu Arg Ser Tyr Trp Gln Ser Gln Val Asn Gln Asp Ile Cys Lys 115 120 125 Tyr Gly Ser Ile Pro Pro Asp Val Glu Glu Lys Leu Arg Leu Glu Trp 130 135 140 Pro Tyr Gln Glu Gln Leu Leu Leu Arg Glu His Tyr Gln Lys Lys Phe 145 150 155 160 Lys Asn Ser Thr Tyr Ser Arg Ser Ser Val Asp Val Leu Tyr Thr Phe 165 170 175 Ala Asn Cys Ser Gly Leu Asp Leu Ile Phe Gly Leu Asn Ala Leu Leu 180 185 190 Arg Thr Ala Asp Leu Gln Trp Asn Ser Ser Asn Ala Gln Leu Leu Leu 195 200 205 Asp Tyr Cys Ser Ser Lys Gly Tyr Asn Ile Ser Trp Glu Leu Gly Asn 210 215 220 Glu Pro Asn Ser Phe Leu Lys Lys Ala Asp Ile Phe Ile Asn Gly Ser 225 230 235 240 Gln Leu Gly Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Leu His Lys Leu Leu Arg Lys Ser 245 250 255 Thr Phe Lys Asn Ala Lys Leu Tyr Gly Pro Asp Val Gly Gln Pro Arg 260 265 270 Arg Lys Thr Ala Lys Met Leu Lys Ser Phe Leu Lys Ala Gly Gly Glu 275 280 285 Val Ile Asp Ser Val Thr Trp His His Tyr Tyr Leu Asn Gly Arg Thr 290 295 300 Ala Thr Arg Glu Asp Phe Leu Asn Pro Asp Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Ile 305 310 315 320 Ser Ser Val Gln Lys Val Phe Gln Val Val Glu Ser Thr Arg Pro Gly 325 330 335 Lys Lys Val Trp Leu Gly Glu Thr Ser Ser Ala Tyr Gly Gly Gly Ala 340 345 350 Pro Leu Leu Ser Asp Thr Phe Ala Ala Gly Phe Met Trp Leu Asp Lys 355 360 365 Leu Gly Leu Ser Ala Arg Met Gly Ile Glu Val Val Met Arg Gln Val 370 375 380 Phe Phe Gly Ala Gly Asn Tyr His Leu Val Asp Glu Asn Phe Asp Pro 385 390 395 400 Leu Pro Asp Tyr Trp Leu Ser Leu Leu Phe Lys Lys Leu Val Gly Thr 405 410 415 Lys Val Leu Met Ala Ser Val Gln Gly Ser Lys Arg Arg Lys Leu Arg 420 425 430 Val Tyr Leu His Cys Thr Asn Thr Asp Asn Pro Arg Tyr Lys Glu Gly 435 440 445 Asp Leu Thr Leu Tyr Ala Ile Asn Leu His Asn Val Thr Lys Tyr Leu 450 455 460 Arg Leu Pro Tyr Pro Phe Ser Asn Lys Gln Val Asp Lys Tyr Leu Leu 465 470 475 480 Arg Pro Leu Gly Pro His Gly Leu Leu Ser Lys Ser Val Gln Leu Asn 485 490 495 Gly Leu Thr Leu Lys Met Val Asp Asp Gln Thr Leu Pro Pro Leu Met 500 505 510 Glu Lys Pro Leu Arg Pro Gly Ser Ser Leu Gly Leu Pro Ala Phe Ser 515 520 525 Tyr Ser Phe Phe Val Ile Arg Asn Ala Lys Val Ala Ala Cys Ile 530 535 540 

1. A polynucleotide comprising (a) the sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO 1 or at least the protein coding portion thereof, (b) a nucleotide sequence corresponding to the sequence of (a) in the scope of the degeneracy of the genetic code, or (c) a nucleotide sequence hybridizing under stringent conditions with a sequence from (a) and/or (b).
 2. The polynucleotide of claim 1 encoding a polypeptide having the biological activity of an endo-glucuronidase.
 3. The polynucleotide of claim 1 or 2 having an identity of at least 70% to the nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO 1 or a fragment thereof.
 4. The polynucleotide of any one of claims 1 to 3 which is a DNA, an RNA or a nucleic acid analog.
 5. A recombinant vector comprising at least one copy of the polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4.
 6. The vector of claim 5 which is an expression vector.
 7. A cell which is transformed with the polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4 or with the vector of any one of claims 5-6.
 8. A polypeptide which is encoded by the polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4.
 9. The polypeptide of claim 8 comprising (a) the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO 2, or (b) an amino acid sequence having a identity of at least 70% to the amino acid sequence of (a) or a fragment thereof.
 10. The polypeptide of claim 8 or 9 having an endo-glucuronidase activity.
 11. The polypeptide of any one of claims 8-10 or a fragment thereof being capable of eliciting specific antibodies.
 12. A process for the preparation of a polypeptide according to any one of claims 8-11, said process comprising chemical synthesis, recombinant DNA technology or a combination of these methods.
 13. A process for the preparation of a polynucleotide according to any one of claims 1-3, said process comprising chemical synthesis, recombinant DNA technology, polymerase claim reaction or a combination of these methods.
 14. An antibody or a oligopeptide or a oligonucleotide or derivatives thereof which specifically recognizes and binds to a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11.
 15. A polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4 or a polypeptide of any one of claims 8-11 for use in medicine.
 16. Use of a polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4 or a polypeptide of any one of claims 8-11 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a disease resulting from shortage or lack or inactivity of said polypeptide.
 17. A method of treatment of a disease resulting from shortage or lack, or inactivity of a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11, said method comprising administration of a suitable amount of a polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4 or a polypeptide.of any one of claims 8-11.
 18. A method of treatment of a disease resulting from excessive activity or overexpression of a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11, said method comprising administration of a suitable amount of an antibody or a oligopeptide or a oligonucleotide or derivatives thereof as defined in claim
 14. 19. A method for identifying a substance capable of modulating the biological activity or expression of a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11 in a cell, said method.comprising contacting the polypeptide or a functional derivative, a functional fragment or a functional, analog thereof, or a cell capable of expressing the polypeptide, with at least one compound or agent whose ability to modulate the biological activity or expression of said polypeptide, functional derivative, functional fragment or functional analog is sought to be investigated, and determining the change of the biological activity or the expression of said polypeptide, derivative or fragment caused by the substance.
 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising formulating a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active agent a substance which has been identified as a modulator or a derivative thereof.
 21. An assay system for testing a substance for its capability of binding to or having functional effects on a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11, said assay system comprising the polypeptide, or a functional derivative, a functional fragment or a functional analog thereof, or a cell capable of expressing the polypeptide or a functional derivative, a functional fragment or a functional analog and optionally means for determining a response caused by the substance.
 22. A substance obtainable by a method as defined in claim 19 or 20, said substance being an agonist or antagonist of a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11.
 23. Use of a polynucleotide of any one of claims 1-4 or a fragment or derivative thereof for modulating the expression of a polypeptide as defined in claims 8-11 in a cell.
 24. Use of a polynucleotide of any one of claims 14 in gene therapy.
 25. Use of an antibody or a oligopeptide or a oligonucleotide or a derivative thereof as defined in claim 14 or of a polynucleotide or a fragment or derivative thereof of any one of claims 1-4 for diagnosis of a disease resulting from shortage or overexpression of a polypeptide a defined in claims 8-11. 